HOW I DO IT / HOW I DID IT SURGICAL PROCEDURES

GASTRECTOMY--SUBTOTAL

 

OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE

§     Patient lying supine IN supine position

§     Asepsis, antisepsis

§     Sterile drapes placed

§     High midline incision done

§     Intraoperative findings noted

§     Penrose drain inserted as the right hand passed through an avascular portion of the gastrohepatic ligament above the pylorus through the avascular space along the greater curvature—use as traction

§     Stomach retracted upward

§     Left hand inserted behind the stomach

§     Spreading the fingers along the gastrocolic ligament to identify individual vessels

§     Epiploic vessels clamp, cut and ligated

§     Left gastroepiploic artery and short gastric arteries identified clamp, cut and ligated

§     At mid point between the esophagogastric junction and the pylorus insert a large hemostat

§     Left gastric vessels idenfied clamp, cut and doubly ligated

§     Two allen clamps applied for a distance of 3-4 cm at an angle of 900 to the greater curvature (the amount of stomach in the allen’s clamp must approximate the size of anastomosis)

§     Another two Allen’s clamp applied at a cephalad angle to close the remaining stomach

§     Close by layer

§        First, use 3-0 PG with straight intestinal needle, pass the needle back and forth from the lesser curvature  to the base of the Allen’s creating a basting suture

§        Trim excess gastric tissue then remove the Allen’s clamp

§        Return same suture to its origin as a continuous interlocking suture

§        Invert mucosa using silk 4-0 lembert sutures

DUODENAL DISSECTION

§     Right gastric artery identify, clamp, cut and ligated

§     Apply anterior traction to exposed the posterior portion of the duodenum and the anterior surface of the pancreas

§     Small vessels identify, clamp, cut and ligated

§     1.5 cm of the posterior duodenum freed from the pancreas

§     Apply an Allen clamp immediately distal to the pylorus

§     Cut the duodenum distal to the clamp

§     Check the distal end of the specimen to make sure no antral mucosa left behind

§     Insert a finger into the duodenal stump and palpate for the ampulla of Vater

                 CLOSURE OF DUODENAL STUMP

§     Put a half purse string at the right lateral margin of the duodenum

§     Continue suturing up to midline using Connell suture of 4-0 PG

§     Initiate another suture at the left margin continue upto middle of the stump

§     Tie the two strands

§     By using interrupted 4-0 silk Lembert suture done as second layer

                            

BILLROTH II  (Gastrojejunal Anastomosis) Schoemaker-Hoffmeister Type

§     Get the jejunum 12-15 cm from the Ligament of Treitz

§     Major portion of the transverse colon and omentum be brought to the right side fro antecolonic anastomosis

§     Attach jejunum to gastric pouch with interrupted 4-0 silk seromuscular Lembert sutures about 5 mm apart

§     The first and last stitch left long serves as stay suture

§     Remove excess gastric tissue from the Allen’s clamp

§     Incision along the antimesenteric aspect of the jejunum done; shorter than the diameter of the gastric opening

§     Allen clamps removed

§     Bleeding points over the jejunum and gastric edges controlled by electrocautery

§     Mucosa of the posterior layer approximated by using 3-0 PG continuous running sutures from midline towards the periphery(full-thickness)

§     Anterior mucosal layer closed by Connell continuous running suture using the same 3-0 PG double arm from lateral to midpoint

§     As second layer do a interrupted 4-0 silk seromuscular Lembert sutures

§     At the “angle of sorrow” do a crown suture